WISDOM WOLRD

TYPES OF STATES

A good state works for welfare of the people, and a bad state becomes a source of havoc and destruction for the people.

There are many states present in the world which existin different forms. The most popular and mostly driven form is monarchy. Following are the types of states:

Democracy

Democracy means government which is by the people

Democratic Empire (Republic)

Such state whose leader is not a king but a chosen representative of the people.

Kingdom

Here queen or king is the head of state and has control over all things. This prevailing form of Government is still in existence since ancient time. Whereas it is in vogue in most of the countries. After the death of the monarch, the successor is chosen from his/her own children

Aristocracy

Some of the states are such that are run by the aristocrats of that state. In the present era it is a common thinking that mostly nobles and aristocrats are those people who play an important role to run the government.

Dictatorship

It is the system in which an individual or a group of person run the government on the basis of power and override the existing laws. But few people like this system.

Democratic Republic

Usually the democratic republic is linked with democracy.In reality, those states who call themselves to be democratic republic are in fact a form of Dictatorship. There are many states who follow such type of system and its main example is China.

Caliphate

A new system of state namely Caliphate was seen in the world. In order to make Islam the central figure, this system proved to be the best one, in which the head of the state was known as Caliph. These caliphs ran the affairs of the state in accordance with the Holy Quran (Book of Allah) and the Sunnah (the acts of Holy Prophet S.A.W). The specialty of this system was that that after Allah these Caliphs were accountable to the followers of Islam. The selection of Caliphs was done according to the decision of the genius people in religion.

Secularism

According to secularism, a state and religion are taken in separate concepts. No matter whatever religions exist, but the state is one for all. Truly speaking, in this state type, all religions are treated and respected equally. In such a state, while giving any post or employment, no distinction of faith and religion is made.

NATIONAL STATES

ADIL ANSARI 07:31:00 NATIONAL STATES

The states where actions of Government are according to the wish of the people and in fact Government are also formed according to the wish of the people are called as National states. In 14^th century, the establishment of national states started in two states of Europe which were England and France. This change became more powerful between 16^th to 18^th centuries, as a consequence of which many states turned into national states, whereas people living in one country, speaking common language and following similar traditions felt themselves to be one nation.

Most of the national states are democratic. The era of democracy started after the French revolution. American and French states follow the indirect form of democracy. In such states, individual liberty is given to all citizen in these states. There are two main principles of the existence of a national state. 1. Autonomy of a national state, and 2. Equivalent status of national states internationally. It should be kept in mind according per foreign laws, all national states are considered to be equal

FEUDAL STATES

ADIL ANSARI 07:40:00 FEUDAL STATES

The social system in which people work for the nobles and in return they get a small piece of land where they can lead their lives easily, this system is known as feudal system.

The feudal era started soon after the end of Roman monarchy, rather we can say that states got a new politics in which kingship era ended, because the small tribes established their feudal sates around the land of local kings. These European feudal states fruit to be long lasting, which remained in existence for one thousand year i.e. from 1500 BC to 500 BC. The progress and success of feudal system is indicated through this fact that among the ancient tribes of Europe, the disciplined environment of nearest relationship established by which segmentation and mutual looting ended. After that the states started preventing themselves from external attacks, especially they successfully began to resist against Mongolian tribes. Therefore peace prevailed in Europe and trade, commerce and industry promoted once again. The feudal system was imposed not only in Europe, but in most of the countries of Asia also. Still this system is completely or partially applied in some of the countries of Africa and Asia.

Regulations

According to feudal system, lands are the property of king, whereas the king isn’t accountable to anybody accept government, in order to run the management of the state, the king used to distribute the land amongst his relatives’ warriors and friends.

From Down Fall till End

In 14^th century, the downfall of feudal European states began due to some reasons

The feudal system remained successful in maintaining peace, but due to the promotion of trade, such segments came into being, who hated the war policies of feudal. Whereas these segments were deprived of the central government for the better opportunities of segments
The use of pistols also affected this system, because the feudal who were fond of swords fighting and equestrian got defeat by canons and guns
Such people then appeared amongst feudal who just for the sake of increasing agricultural land production, dedicated their lands, due to which the European properties were converted into agricultural investments and thus European feudalism died its own death.
Beside these causes, in 15thand 16^th century, many of the events took place which rooted out feudalism
In fact the feudal state is a form of monarchy, because a king can do whatever he likes to do and there is nobody to ask him. Whoever asks is going to be responsible to prepare his own grave. Feudalism is more or less the same, the only difference is that the feudal dominates the small towns and villages and govern them. That is why feudalism is taken in the negative sense in past as well as in present.